The natural evolution of HIV rather than superinfection with a drug-resistant strain of HIV is usually the explanation of antiretroviral treatment failure, according to a Dutch study published in the January 11th edition of AIDS.
Transmitted drug resistance can severely limit the antiretroviral treatment choices for HIV-positive individuals. A significant proportion of new HIV infections (approximately 10% in the UK and 6% in the Netherlands) involve a strain of HIV that is resistant to one or more anti-HIV drugs. In addition, about 30 cases of superinfection with a second or drug-resistant strain of HIV have been reported worldwide.
Many gay men choose to have unprotected sex with other HIV-infected men (often called serosorting), and Dutch investigators therefore wished to see if superinfection was contributing to the virological failure of previously effective antiretroviral therapy.
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